In recent years, IOM has placed special attention on increasing the use and coordination of cash-based interventions (CBI) across the organization in line with the Grand Bargain commitments and the IOM CBI Strategy 2022–2026. In 2023, IOM continued to increase the use of CBI modalities to empower aid recipients and strengthen the resilience of affected populations. CBI was utilized in 112 countries and territories, reaching close to 4 million people, a 49 per cent increase compared to 2022. The use of cash and voucher modalities increased across IOM and constituted approximately 14 per cent of the overall IOM assistance to aid recipients. In 2023, IOM further expanded the use of CBI beyond emergency response and delivered assistance through CBI across different areas of work in all contexts of IOM operations. CBI was used in 51 countries in emergency settings and in 61 countries in other settings, including development, return, reintegration, transition and recovery. The largest programmes took place in emergency response contexts where 92 per cent of the aid recipients were located.  The IOM CBI Annual Report and Case Studies 2023 provides more details and statistics on IOM’s CBI throughout the year and features case studies from 41 IOM missions, shedding light on good practices and lessons learned in different contexts. It includes sections focused on disaster risk reduction and climate adaptation, livelihood, return and reintegration and multipurpose cash assistance. There is also a special focus on regional responses, including the regional Afghanistan and Ukraine responses and the regional responses to the Venezuelan refugee and migrant crisis, the Sudan crisis and the Syrian crisis.