2024
Langue
Anglais

Evaluation of a Large-scale Local Guaranteed Income Program in Brazil

We investigate the impact of a permanent unconditional cash transfer called “Citizen’s Basic Income” in the city of Maricá, Brazil. At the time of the study, the program made monthly household-level transfers of USD 180 PPP on average to about a fourth of the city’s residents. The program is unique in that it is both unconditional and permanent, while existing programs typically only have one of these features. Between September 2021 and April 2022, we surveyed 5,182 individuals, about half of whom received the RBC. We use propensity score matching with inverse probability weights to create a matched comparison group and estimate the effect of the program on economic, social, and psychological outcomes. Our results reveal several positive welfare effects. Household income including transfers increased by 9%, with consumption rising 5%. We also observe improvements in an index of children’s health and education. There was a notable displacement of other income sources, particularly labor income, which decreased by 17% among recipients, suggesting shifts to lower-paying but potentially more desirable jobs during the pandemic. The program also led to increased access to financial services, but decreased the propensity to save. These findings highlight the socioeconomic benefits of unconditional cash transfers and established cash transfer administrative systems.