As climate change continues to affect people globally, and with countries having to transition towards a low-carbon economy, climate policies will impact on population groups differently. Transition policy packages, therefore, need to consider those otherwise left behind and ensure broad societal support for climate action. Two climate change mitigation policies that affect households directly are carbon pricing and the removal of fossil fuel subsidies. This summary note presents insights from the study 'The Role of Social Protection for a Just Transition in Developing and Emerging Economies', which conducts a Microsimulation Study in Six Low- and Middle-Income Countries.