This paper reviews evidence on cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) of gender-responsive social protection programmes, documenting key methodologies across a range of gender equality outcomes. The review focuses on social assistance models, summarizing 17 studies falling into three categories:  financial incentives with health objectives, social assistance interventions aiming to enhancing education or safe transitions to adulthood of girls and young women, and multifaceted programmes aiming to improve adult women’s productivity and employment.