This study explores the role of the World Food Programme (WFP)’s cash assistance programme to Syrian refugees in Lebanon in shaping refugees’ protection outcomes, with a focus on coping strategies (including child labour), physical security and safety, and work conditions and other work-related protection risks. It draws on 270 interviews (in-depth and focus group) with Syrian and Lebanese respondents in three locations in the Bekaa Valley, carried out over the course of 2018–2019.