Adolescence is a critical period in which events and transitions have long-term impacts on an individual’s health, well-being, and productivity. Decisions about sexual debut, schooling, and partnerships determine an individual’s trajectory and can impact earning potential, agency in marriage, future experience of violence, and a range of other health and economic outcomes that affect not only the individual, but their future children as well. In Tanzania, adolescents and youth face barriers to a safe transition to adulthood. Over 30% of females are married by age 18; three in ten females and one in seven males report sexual violence before age 18; and three-quarters of males and females experienced physical violence by an adult or intimate partner before age 18. Further, one quarter and one-fifth of girls and boys aged 10- 14 years live without their biological parents—and this proportion rises to half of girls aged 15-17 years in urban areas. Recently, cash transfers have been highlighted as having the potential to facilitate healthier transitions to adulthood in lower- and middle-income countries. This research brief describes the Impact Evaluation of the Productive Social Safety Net (PSSN) on Youth Well-being and the Transition to Adulthood, which is being conducted by Policy Research for Development (REPOA) and UNICEF Office of Research – Innocenti as part of the Transfer Project.