This study provides an in-depth analysis of the humanitarian cash transfer landscape in Ukraine, focusing on the period from 2022 to 2023. It highlights the efforts of humanitarian cash actors in addressing the multi-sectoral needs of those affected by Russia’s full-scale invasion. Key findings include the unprecedented scale-up of cash assistance, with Multi-Purpose Cash Assistance (MPCA) provided to over 9.6 million people. The targeting mechanisms evolved from blanket approaches to more inclusive, needs-based criteria. The implementation of de-duplication processes significantly improved efficiency. The report identifies challenges such as fragmented modality selection, the need for better inter-sectoral coordination, and the importance of integrating a social protection lens into humanitarian programming. It emphasizes the need for enhanced coordination, leveraging government systems and technology to deliver aid, and fostering partnerships to build a more inclusive and sustainable cash response. This document is relevant for humanitarian organizations, government agencies, donors, and development partners involved in the humanitarian response in Ukraine. It provides valuable insights and recommendations for improving the effectiveness and sustainability of cash transfer programmes in Ukraine.