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Last updated: 14/10/2021

Productive Safety Net Programme, PSNP

Basic Information

Country
Geographic area
Sub-Saharan Africa
Programme type

Programme Details

Programme objectives

To enhance livelihoods and resilience to shocks and to improve food
security and nutrition for rural households vulnerable to food insecurity.

References
Government of Ethiopia. 2014. Productive Safety Net Programme Phase IV: Programme Implementation Manual. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Agriculture.
Programme components
Public works; direct support; livelihood component. Under the umbrella of the PSNP, using the PSNP beneficiary lists and the same benefit level, the government of Ethiopia with the support of UNICEF, is piloting the Integrated Nutrition and Social Cash Transfer Programme (IN-SCT) in the Southern Nations, Nationalities and People’s region (SNNPR) (Shashego and Halaba Woredas) and Oromya Region (Adami Tulu and Dodota woredas). This pilot is testing new provisions planned under the new PSNP that are not yet implemented, such as linkages to social services, case management through social workers and a stronger nutrition component.
References
Government of Ethiopia. 2014. Productive Safety Net Programme Phase IV: Programme Implementation Manual. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Agriculture.
Start date
2005
References
World Food Programme. 2012. Ethiopia: Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP). Rome: World Food Programme. Accessed 11 November 2015. <https://www.wfp.org/sites/ default/files/PSNP%20Factsheet.pdf>.
Coverage
The number of total beneficiaries increased to 10 million in 2015.
References
Government of Ethiopia. 2014. Productive Safety Net Programme Phase IV: Programme Implementation Manual. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Agriculture.
Programme expenditure
Annual budget of USD900 million

Targeting and egiblity

Targeting methods
Geographical Targeting
Community-Based Targeting
References
Geographic targeting and community-based targeting. In the current fourth phase of the programme, a proxy means test is expected to be introduced as an additional verification. References: Government of Ethiopia. 2014. Productive Safety Net Programme Phase IV: Programme Implementation Manual. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Agriculture. Berhane, G. et al. 2014. “Can Social Protection Work in Africa? The Impact of Ethiopia’s \ Productive Safety Net Programme.” Economic Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 63, No. 1: 1–26. Accessed 11 November 2015. <http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/677753>.
Targeted areas
Afar, Amhara, Dire Dawa, Harare, Oromiya, SNNP, Somali and Tigray Regions. As of 2016, the number of targeted woredas (districts) stands at 340 and is expected to increase to 411 by 2018.
References
World Food Programme. 2012. Ethiopia: Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP). Rome: World Food Programme. Accessed 11 November 2015. <https://www.wfp.org/sites/ default/files/PSNP%20Factsheet.pdf>. Government of Ethiopia. 2014. Productive Safety Net Programme Phase IV: Programme Implementation Manual. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Agriculture.
Target groups
Chronically food-insecure households
References
World Food Programme. 2012. Ethiopia: Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP). Rome: World Food Programme. Accessed 11 November 2015. <https://www.wfp.org/sites/ default/files/PSNP%20Factsheet.pdf>.
Eligibility criteria
Food-insecure households, defined as those that reside in one of the chronically food-insecure woredas and who have faced three or more months of food shortage over the last three years, or who are unable to support themselves.
References
Government of Ethiopia. 2014. Productive Safety Net Programme Phase IV: Programme Implementation Manual. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Agriculture
Eligibility reassessment (if any)
An annual recertification process is conducted.
References
Government of Ethiopia. 2014. Productive Safety Net Programme Phase IV: Programme Implementation Manual. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Agriculture.

Coverage and other information

Type of benefits
Food, cash or a combination of both.
References
Gilligan, D.O., J. Hoddinott, and A.S. Taffesse. 2008. “The Impact of Ethiopia’s Productive Safety Net Programme and its Linkages.” IFPRI Discussion Paper, No. 00839. Washington, DC: IFPRI. Accessed 11 November 2015. <http://www.ifpri.org/sites/default/files/publications/ifpridp00839.pdf>.
Amount of benefits
Beneficiaries are paid in cash equivalent to 15kg of cereals and 4kg of pulses per month (adjusted for inflation). The wage rate used to compute the transfer in cash varies according to the purchasing power in different areas
References
Government of Ethiopia. 2014. Productive Safety Net Programme Phase IV: Programme Implementation Manual. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Agriculture.
Payment/delivery frequency
Monthly
Benefit delivery mechanism
Benefits in cash can be paid via WOFED cashiers, or electronically through payment service providers; food transfers can occur in-kind via distribution points or as food vouchers.
References
Government of Ethiopia. 2014. Productive Safety Net Programme Phase IV: Programme Implementation Manual. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Agriculture.
Benefit recipients
Heads of households
References
Government of Ethiopia. 2014. Productive Safety Net Programme Phase IV: Programme Implementation Manual. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Agriculture.
Minimum and maximum duration of benefits (if any)
Direct support component: 12 months (minimum) Public works component: 6 months (minimum)
References
Government of Ethiopia. 2014. Productive Safety Net Programme Phase IV: Programme Implementation Manual. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Agriculture.
Monitoring and evaluation mechanisms and frequency
The structure of the monitoring and evaluation system is decentralised with vertical and horizontal reporting. Monitoring is based on data collected monthly/quarterly while evaluation data are collected annually. Local government staff is responsible for monitoring and evaluation, while community representatives oversee the cash payment process
References
International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth. n.d. “The Productive Safety Net Programme in Ethiopia, The Public Works Component.” Brasìlia: IPC-IG. Accessed 11 November 2015. <http://www.ipc-undp.org/publications/cct/africa/ProductiveProgrammeEthiopia.pdf>.

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