Takaful

"Takaful is a system of Islamic insurance based on the principle of Ta'awun (mutual assistance) and Tabarru (voluntary contribution), where risk is shared collectively by a group of participants, who by paying contributions to a common fund, agree to jointly guarantee themselves against loss or damage to any one of them. Takaful is operated on the basis of shared responsibility, brotherhood, solidarity and mutual cooperation". Source : International Labour Organization. N.d. "Glossary". ILO...

Target population

"The population that the future scheme plans to cover, including all potential members and their dependents. The target population may be defined on a geographic basis: the inhabitants of certain neighbourhoods or villages, the catchment area of certain health facilities, etc. Alternatively, it may be defined on a socio-economic or socio-occupational basis: the members of a trade union, trade union federation or agricultural cooperative; the customers of a microfinance institution; the...

Targeting

“The selection of beneficiaries of a programme.” Source : Barrientos, A. et al. 2010. "Social Assistance in Developing Countries Database". Chronic Poverty Research Centre. < http://www.chronicpoverty.org/uploads/publication_files/social-assistance-database-version-5.pdf >. Accessed 14 April 2020. "Directing an intervention or policy instrument at a group that appears particularly vulnerable to a specific social problem, or to a particular problem. Often equated with selectivity and a...

Targeting error

"Targeting seeks to ensure that the resources of social transfer programmes are directed only to intended beneficiaries, so as to minimise the coverage of those not intended to be beneficiaries (errors of inclusion) and the non-coverage of intended beneficiaries (errors of exclusion)". Source : Slater, R. and Farrington, J. 2009. "Targeting of Social Transfers: A review for DFID". Overseas Development Institute. < https://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opini... ...

Targeting method

"(...) the program needs to choose the ‘right’ targeting method to reach a group of population or households who qualify to be considered as the beneficiaries of the program or usually those who qualifies as poor. There have been several methods of targeting discussed in the literature: Means testing or proxy means testing (where benefits are provided to those below a certain level of income or well-being), geographic (where programs are aimed people living in particular areas with certain...

Training

“(…) social protection can be implemented alongside complementary training programmes, in order to promote employability and consumption smoothing simultaneously (…) Some programmes simply link training to social protection provision, while others create an integrated package of mutually reinforcing interventions to try to promote skills development, or make participation in training a criterion for transfer receipt (...) The common objective throughout these programmes is to intervene in such...

Transformative measures

"Transformative measures seek to address concerns of social equity and exclusion, such as collective action for workers’ rights, or upholding human rights for minority ethnic groups. Transformative interventions include changes to the regulatory framework to protect “socially vulnerable groups” (e.g. people with disabilities, or victims of domestic violence) against discrimination and abuse, as well as sensitisation campaigns (such as the ‘HIV/AIDS Anti-Stigma Campaign’, which is discussed...

Transient poverty

"Short term poverty. Poverty experienced as the result of a temporary fall in income or expenditure although over a longer period the household resources are on average sufficient to keep the household above the poverty line (DFID 2001:186).". Source : Chronic Poverty Research Centre. 2005. "Chronic Poverty Report 2004-05". Chronic Poverty Research Centre. < http://www.chronicpoverty.org/uploads/publication_files/CPR1_appendices.pdf >. Accessed 14 May 2020.

Transport subsidies

“All transport costs that are not covered by users, including all kinds of externalities, infrastructure costs or different regulation”. Source : European Environment Agency. 2007. "Size, structure and distribution of transport subsidies in Europe". EEA Technical Report, No 3/2007. EEA, Copenhagen, Denmark. < https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/technical_report_2007_3 >. Accessed 14 April 2020.

Trickle-down effect

"The indirect income effect of transfers when individuals other than the formal recipient of a transfer benefit from a social transfer (for example, if grandparents receiving a pension finance the schooling of their grandchildren)". Source : International Labour Organization. N.d. "Glossary". ILO. < https://www.social-protection.org/gimi/ShowGlossary.action?lettre=t&glosLang=EN >. Accessed 14 May 2020.